Peony ndeimwe yemaruva matanhatu anozivikanwa echinyakare nyika yangu. Iyo "yakanyanya" muchirevo "Pakati pemazana emaruva, zita rayo ndiro rekare" rinoreva peony. Zita rekuti "peony" rakatanga kunyorwa mu "Shennong Bencao Jing" (Shen Nong's Classic yeMateria Medica) panguva yeQin neHan dynasties. Nekuda kwechimiro chayo chinoyevedza uye neruvara rwakajeka, ine homophonic neChinese hunhu "婥約" (婥約), iyo inotsanangura chimiro chakanaka, saka zita rekuti "shaoyao." Iyo inozivikanwawo se "jiangli," "moguhua," uye "lanweichun."
Cui Bao weJin Dynasty akanyora mubhuku rake rinonzi "Gujin Zhu" (Manyoro eNguva Dzakare Nemazuva Ano): "Kune marudzi maviri epeony: herbaceous peony uye peony yehuni. Peony yehuni ine maruva makuru, -eruvara rwakasvibirira uye inowanzonzi peony." Tang Dynasty zvakare yakataura nezve peony se "huni peony." Nokudaro, peony uye peony inozivikanwa se "maruva maviri akakurumbira." Maumbirwo avo emaruva akafanana, akasiyana mumhando yavo yeherbaceous uye yehuni. Li Shizhen akamboti, "Pakati pemaruva ose, peony ndiyo yekutanga uye peony yechipiri. Nokudaro, vanhu vanodana peony mambo wemaruva uye peony mushumiri wemaruva." Izvi zvakasimbisa chimiro chepeony semushumiri wemaruva. Peony is a perennial herb ine maruva makuru mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Avo vane mapeti mashoma vanosanganisira single, lotus, chrysanthemum, uye rose mafomu, nepo avo vane mamwe petals anosanganisira terraced, laurel, mhete yegoridhe, korona, uye hydrangea mafomu. Mhando yemhando yemaruva inogona kusvika kupfuura gumi. Maruva anopenya uye ane mavara, ane mavara machena, egirinhi, eyero, epingi, lavender, yepepuru{12}tsvuku, dzvuku, uye{13}}nemavara mazhinji, ane ruvara rwepepuru{14} tsvuku nepingi. Peonies inotumbuka kubva munaMay kusvika munaJune, mukupera kwechirimo. Nekuti peony blooms yaishandiswa kare kudoma mazwi ezuva reQingming neLixia, vanhu vachiti "Tsvaga peonies mazuva matatu mushure mekunge Lixia yapararira.
Peonies inowanikwa kunyika yangu uye kuchamhembe kweAsia. Izvo zvinotonhora-zvinoshivirira uye zvinochinjika, uye zvinorimwa sezvirimwa zvinoshongedza. Vanotangira miti peonies, inotangira makore anopfuura 4,000. Senyika ine marudzi akapfuma kwazvo ePaeonia, nyika yangu inotora chikamu chimwe-chetatu chemarudzi ePaeonia. Naizvozvo, nyika yangu inzvimbo yekuparadzira yemhando dzesango peony uye nzvimbo yekurima yemhando dzepeony.
Mabviro ekurima peony anogona kuteverwa kumashure kuXia Dynasty. Munguva yeWei, Jin, uye Maodzanyemba neMaodzanyemba Dynasties, nyika yangu yakatanga kuunza uye kudzidzisa mhuka dzesango. "Jin Palace Pavilion" inotaura kuti: "Jin Palace Pavilion inonzi Huizhang, uye mibhedha mitanhatu yemapeoni yakasimwa pamberi pehoro." Peonies yaishandiswa pazvinangwa zvekushongedza mudare ramambo. Munguva yeSui neTang Dynasties, peonies yakave yakakurumbira, uye kurima kwakawedzera zvakanyanya. Vakatangawo kuonekwa mudzimba dzemazuva ose, uye nhetembo dzakatsaurirwa kwavari dzakatanga kubuda. Nhetembo yaMeng Jiao "Kuona Maruva" inoti: "Imba yega yega ine peonies, zvinyoro uye zvinyoro." NeRwiyo Dynasty, mhando nyowani dzepeony dzekurima horticultural dzakaramba dzichibuda. "Yangzhou Peony Catalogue" yaWang Guan inonyora mhando itsva sere, kusanganisira "Yuyi Huang," "Yanghua Guanzi," uye "Yuanhuang Guanzi." Munguva yeMing neQing dynasties, peonies yakawedzera mukurumbira. Nhetembo yaLiu Kai inoti "Kuona Peonies kuMabvazuva kweGuta" inoti: "Kunze kweGuta reXiaohuang, mapeoni anotumbuka, uye kupenya kwemangwanani kunooneka makiromita mashanu kana gumi oga oga. Dzimba dzinomira pamberi neseri kwemaruva, uye mhuri imwe neimwe inoarima semiti yemubheri uye hemp." Peonies anozivikanwa zvikuru. Parizvino, nzvimbo dzavo dzekutanga dzekurima munyika yangu iNorth China, Shaanxi, nekumaodzanyemba kweGansu, uye dzinorimwawo zvakanyanya munyika dzinopfuura makumi mashanu, kusanganisira United States, France, Netherlands, neJapan.
Kunyangwe zviri nyore kukura nekuchengetedza, peonies ine nyama, yakasimba midzi inotapukirwa nekudonha kwemvura. Mapuratifomu akasimudzwa akakodzera kudyara munzvimbo dzine mvura yakaoma kana kunaya kwemvura.
Peonies inokura mumapoka uye{0}yakanyatsokodzera kudyarwa muzvikamu zvakakura, zvichiita "makungwa emaruva" anoyevedza. Mumagadheni, peonies inogona kusanganiswa nematombo kuti iwedzere kutaridzika. Peonies inogonawo kushandiswa semaruva akachekwa pamichato. Kwekutanga kwakanyorwa kutaurwa kwechirimwa ichi kunogona kuwanikwa muchikamu che "Zhengfeng" che "Bhuku reNziyo": "Murume nemukadzi, vachipana peonies vachiseka." Peony chave chipo pakati pevarume nevakadzi panguva yekufambidzana uye yekuparadzana, ichiratidza chivimbiso cherudo kana pfungwa yekuonekana. Nokudaro, peony inozivikanwawo se "Jiangli," "Keli," "Heli," uye "Licao," uye yave iri chiratidzo cherudo munyika yangu kubva kare.
Izvi zvinoratidza kuti peony chirimwa chebindu chakakosha, chinopa yakanakisa nzvimbo uye zvipenyu zvakanaka mumagadheni akasarudzika, kutaridzika kwemaguta, zvidyarwa zvehari, maruva akachekwa, uye mamwe gadheni uye horticultural application.
Peony zvakare mushonga wechiChinese wemishonga, unotaurwa mune zvese "Shennong Bencao Jing" uye "Shanghan Zabing Lun." Tsvakurudzo yemazuva ano yemishonga inoratidza kuti peony ine nhamba huru yemakemikari ezvikamu, kusanganisira terpenes, glycosides, tannins, polysaccharides, uye alkaloids, inoratidza antibacterial uye antidepressant properties. Inoshandawo mukuvandudza ndangariro uye kusadzivirirwa, uye kurapa mamiriro akadai sepalpitations uye asthma. Saka, izwi rekare rokuti "ruva mwari" peony rakapfuudzwa nanhasi, uye pane chikonzero cheizvi.
